Abstract: Through summarizing and analyzing the development of coal industry under the background of new era from the economic, legal, environmental and social aspects, this paper points out the necessity of building green mines in the new era. In order to realize the goal of building green mines, mining enterprises should actively adapt themselves to the requirements of ecological civilization construction in the new era with the concept of "green", explore the direction of coal industry development accurately, and accelerate the formation of spatial pattern, industrial structure and production mode of resource conservation, environmental protection and operation safety. Taking the green mines in the industrial chain of radiation geological exploration, design, research and development, construction, production and equipment manufacturing as the process carriers, the construction and development system of green mines in the new era is constructed to provide intellectual support for the effective integration of resource efficient development and environmental benign development.